I'm in the UK, so it might be slightly different.
I have no professional degree, and I have never been out of work as a drafter. I had the 3 day AutoCAD training course when I first migrated from the paper world to the cad world. Microstation, I have never had a days training (I was on maternity leave when it was introduced at my workplace) I was just given the book and told to read it. I have also spent a couple of years teaching AutoCAD at the local college, and I firmly believe that you dont actually learn it until you are doing it in a real world situation, and being shown/guidend by someone who does the job.
But saying all that I am now part time studying, hoping to get a degree, but that is for personal "pat on the back" rather than any desire to move me up a ladder.
Programming??? I'm trying to learn, because I think its a worthwhile skill to have. TheSwamp has some of the best programmers who understand cad, and they are generous with sharing their knowledge... so my advice is, try it.
As for the 3d, if there are companies where you are that use it, then try to learn it. I'd love to get a job where I could do 3d work, but alas, we are firmly entrenched in the 2d world
BTW... welcome to theswamp